Funciones legales del Fondo Monetario Internacional
Últimamente nos estamos acostumbrando a leer y a escuchar en los medios de comunicación y dada nuestra situación económica, que muchos organismos tanto nacionales como internacionales intervienen y dan sus opiniones respecto a todas las economías pero muy especialmente a la nuestra. Uno de esos organismos es el Fondo Monetario Internacional.
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Bego Caballero
31 marzo 2013
Pero cuando escuchamos a su directora gerente, verter opiniones acerca de las economías de los países que son miembros, muchas son las cuestiones que nos surgen. Así, ¿Qué es exactamente el Fondo Monetario Internacional? ¿Cuáles son sus funciones? ¿Realmente ayuda a los países o simplemente ejerce como una consultora? Son algunas de ellas. Pues bien, aunque es un tema un poco largo de explicar, a grosso modo se podría decir que se trata de una institución que a través de diferentes controles, intenta sustentar un sistema estable de compra-venta de dinero para que los pagos en moneda extranjera sean lo más fluidas posibles entre los diferentes países. Aunque tiene una función crediticia, orientada a proporcionar asistencia financiera a los países miembros; vigilante o reguladora del comportamiento monetario de los países; y también ejercer como consultora de asistencia técnica y asesoramiento, tiene también otras funciones muy importantes ente las que cabe destacar las siguientes: 1.- Facilitar el crecimiento equilibrado y la expansión del comercio internacional. 2.- Ayudar a instaurar un sistema multilateral de pagos para las operaciones en cuentas de diferentes países. 3.- Promover la cooperación monetaria internacional a través de una institución permanente. 4.- Dar confianza a los países miembros poniendo a su disposición recursos del fondo para su protección. 5.- Integra la asistencia técnica con la supervisión y los préstamos que ofrece. 6.- Ayudar a los más vulnerables en la crisis mundial. 7.- Ofrece asistencia de emergencia, sobre todo apoya en la recuperación en situaciones de catástrofe natural o a países tras un conflicto. 8.- Intentar reducir la intensidad y duración del desequilibrio. 9.- E incluso, crear fondos fiduciarios mundiales para fines específicos.
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